Similarly, Dayma said small businesses have used DALL-E mini to generate graphics when they couldn't afford hiring a designer. Tortoise has given developers who can't afford hiring voice actors a way to create realistic voice-overs for their projects. completely faked," Betker told NPR.īut the accessibility of open-source AI projects like Dayma's and Betker's have also produced some positive effects. "That's what I'm absolutely concerned about - people trying to get politicians to say things that they didn't actually say, or even making affidavits that you take to court. Initially starting Tortoise as a side project, Betker said he's not motivated to continue developing it due to its possible misuse.
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Some developers also worry about the ethical implications of AI media generators.ĭeepfakes, often convincing applications of machine-learning models to render fake images of politicians or celebrities, are a top concern for software engineer James Betker.īetker is the creator of Tortoise, a text-to-speech program that implements some of the latest machine-learning techniques to generate speech based on a reference voice. So it's hard to say who exactly "owns" this image of Gumby performing an NPR Tiny Desk concert.
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Then there are the owners of the images the AI was trained on - Dayma used an existing library of images to tweak the model, essentially teaching the program how to translate text to images.įinally, there's the user who came up with the text prompt - like "CCTV footage of Darth Vader stealing a unicycle" - for DALL-E mini to use. " complicated arrangement of human actors and computational processes interacting in this kind of crazy way."įirst, there are the coders who created the model.įor DALL-E mini, that's primarily Dayma, but also members of the open-source AI community who collaborated on the project. "These tools are these diffuse socio-technical systems," Epstein told NPR. In the case of machine-learning models like DALL-E mini, there are numerous stakeholders to account for when considering who should get credit for creating a piece of art. Ziv Epstein, a researcher at the MIT Media Lab's Human Dynamics Group, says the advancement of AI image generators complicates notions of ownership in the art industry. In 2018, the art auction house Christie's sold an AI-generated portrait for over $400,000. While DALL-E mini is unique in its widespread accessibility, this isn't the first time AI-generated art has been in the news. Learning from the past, and a complicated future
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